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1.
Rev. latinoam. enferm ; 21(4): 913-919, Jul-Aug/2013.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-682020

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: to understand the future expectations and experience of vulnerable mothers from pregnancy to their child's early years. METHODS: this qualitative study used the social phenomenology of Alfred Schütz as a framework. From January to April 2011, nine mothers from the 2009 program "Chile Grows with You" were interviewed at health centers in an urban Santiago de Chile community. RESULTS: analysis of the "lived type" led to an understanding of the mothers' real-world experience. Unexpected pregnancies in extremely vulnerable mothers are associated with feelings of hopelessness then resignation. There is no plan for the future; the mother lives in the present with great uncertainty. CONCLUSIONS: from the mothers' stories, significant patterns were identified in their experiences, yielding insights into society from these women's perspectives. For humanized, comprehensive nursing care, this expertise directs interventions designed to overcome despair in women excluded because of their invisibility and poverty. .


OBJETIVO: compreender a vivência de mães em situação de vulnerabilidade da gestação até os primeiros anos de vida do filho, assim como as suas expectativas para o futuro. MÉTODO: estudo qualitativo que utilizou a fenomenologia social de Alfred Schütz como referencial filosófico. Entre janeiro e abril de 2011, foram entrevistadas, em centros de saúde de uma comunidade urbana de Santiago do Chile, nove mães matriculadas no programa Chile Cresce Contigo, em 2009. RESULTADOS: a análise compreensiva do tipo vivido permitiu compreender a vivência do mundo de vida cotidiano. Numa situação de extrema vulnerabilidade, ser mãe é uma notícia imprevista, com sentimentos de desesperança que se transformam em resignação. Não existe projeto de futuro, mas vive-se o aqui e o agora com incerteza. Com base nos relatos das mulheres-mães, foram identificados padrões significativos do vivido no âmbito pessoal e familiar, que contribuem com conhecimentos para uma compreensão mais acurada do mundo social, com base nas perspectivas particulares das mulheres. CONCLUSÕES: para a prática do cuidado humanizado e compreensivo da saúde na área de enfermagem, o presente estudo traz conhecimentos necessários para o desenho de intervenções que permitam vencer a desesperança das mulheres excluídas devido à sua invisibilidade e à sua condição de pobreza. .


OBJETIVO: comprender la vivencia de las madres en situación de vulnerabilidad, desde la gestación hasta los primeros años de vida de su hijo y sus expectativas para el futuro. MÉTODO: estudio cualitativo, que utilizó como referencial filosófico la Fenomenología Social de Alfred Shutz; fue realizado entre enero y abril de 2011, en centros de salud de una comuna urbana de Santiago de Chile, fueron entrevistadas nueve madres adscritas al programa Chile Crece Contigo en el año 2009. RESULTADOS: el análisis comprensivo del tipo vivido permitió comprender la vivencia del mundo de vida cotidiano; ser madre en situación de extrema vulnerabilidad es una noticia imprevista, con sentimientos de desesperanza, que evoluciona en resignación; no existe proyecto de futuro, vive el aquí y el ahora con incertidumbre. CONCLUSIONES: a partir de los relatos de las mujeres-madres, se identificaron patrones significativos de lo vivido en el ámbito personal y familiar, que aportan conocimientos para una mejor comprensión del mundo social desde las perspectivas particulares de las mujeres; para enfermería, en la práctica del cuidado humanizado y comprensivo de salud, se aportan conocimientos para el diseño de intervenciones que permitan superar la desesperanza en mujeres excluidas por su invisibilidad y condición de pobreza. .


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Mothers/psychology , Chile , Personal Narratives as Topic , Sociology , Vulnerable Populations
2.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 139(6): 739-747, jun. 2011. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-603119

ABSTRACT

Background: The program “Chile grows with you” is a part of the Chilean social protection system oriented to decrease social inequities from pregnancy (a socially secure pregnancy) to four years of age, directed to the poorest 40 percent of the popula-tion. Aim: To determine the incidence of social vulnerability and its determinants, starting at the gestation period. Material and Methods: Data was obtained from anonymous secondary data based on the records of the first assessment of pregnant women and from social protection surveys, provided by the Ministry of Planning and Cooperation. Results: The incidence of social vulnerability was high. However there was a disparity between the figures obtained from the social protection records and the survey carried out during the first assessment of pregnant women (91 and 27 percent respectively). The psychosocial risk was higher among vulnerable women (42 percent compared to 28 percent among women not considered vulnerable). This risk was associated with lack of family support, depressive symptoms, gender violence, substance abuse and maternity confl icts. Working conditions were precarious with a low level of social security, there were habitability problems, disability, dependency, female householders and a mean income below the threshold of poverty. Conclusions: Among vulnerable families, there are adverse determinants that attempt against a socially secure preg-nancy and integral development of children.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Pregnancy , Young Adult , Poverty/statistics & numerical data , Pregnant Women , Psychosocial Deprivation , Social Support , Vulnerable Populations/statistics & numerical data , Chile/epidemiology
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